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Waffle roof in the building

Today, different roof systems are used to build the roof of a building. Due to the increased safety of the building against natural disasters such as earthquakes, engineers and architects try to use light roof systems for the roof of the building. These systems do not put a dead load on the structure and reduce the risks of natural disasters by being lightweight. Ubot and Cubiax roofing systems are among the systems for implementing hollow roofs with durable molds, but another type of roofing system called waffle is also implemented in the construction industry today, which can be implemented with non-durable molds in construction projects.
Waffle roof
Waffle roofs are grid and pot-shaped roofs that are used to cover large openings. The function of this type of roof is like a double-sided slab and there is no need for reinforcement rebars and their connection to the beams. The shape of this type of roof is cubic and hollow and is used in different dimensions according to the project. Waffle molds are made of composite plastic and are lightweight so that they are very easy to carry by workers. Waffle roofs can be used in a variety of metal and concrete skeletons. The molds of this type of roof make it possible to implement the roof as a one-way or two-way slab by changing the way they are assembled.

Features of waffle molds
Waffle molds can be separated from concrete after roof concreting operations and can be used again in other construction projects. One of the features of this type of template is its renewal, which can be recycled after the useful life of these templates. The use of these composite molds increases the durability and strength of the roof and makes the structure lighter, which makes the building safer against natural disasters such as earthquakes. These molds allow the removal of roof blocks from the building, which is a reason to lighten the structure.
Waffle roof substructure
Waffle roofs are easier to install than other concrete roofs. The substructure of this type of roof is similar to the roof of beams and blocks, and the substructure can be done with metal cans, scaffolding pipes, wood and four lathes and other accessories. The design of waffle molds is such that the beams can be applied in place. Using this method of roof construction, double beams can be removed, which reduces the weight of the concrete and lightens the structure. By running the beam in place, there is no need to move the beam in the main beams when closing the beam reinforcement. When the beams are executed in place, the connection between the concrete and the rigidity of the roof is well observed, which reduces the vibration of the roof during operation.
Advantages of Waffle Roof Execution
With this type of roof, the facilities can be passed through the roof, which reduces the thickness of the flooring and reduces construction costs and makes the structure lighter.
Waffle molds are one of the most durable molds for the roof, which allows you to reuse the molds and reduce costs.
Waffle molds do not need to be greased to separate from the concrete, and concrete processing can be ensured until the mold is opened.
Waffle roofs are lightweight ceilings, and their low weight causes low vibration and reduces the amount of transmission.
The ceiling, which is made using a waffle system, weighs ten centimeters on a flat slab.
The execution of this type of roof is in the form of beams, which is done without the use of roof blocks, and the concreting of the roof and beams is done in an integrated manner.
Compared to Uboot and Cubiax roofing systems, concreting in Waffle system is done seamlessly and without the use of any type of lubricant.

Waffle roof price
Many factors play a role in the price of the waffle roof, including the time of execution of the work, the material used in the construction of the roof, the cost of contracting, repairs, the cost of raw materials in the construction of beams, unilateral or bilateral molds, roof dimensions and so on. Although the price of this roof is a little higher than conventional roofs, it meets the needs of customers well. If quality materials are used in the construction of this roof, the cost will certainly be higher.

04/10/2020 By smart dg land news arch Waffle roof
Rofix ceiling mold

Application of Rofix roof in buildings
Today, due to population growth and urban development, the issue of safety in construction projects, reduction of construction costs and speed and implementation of work is of particular importance. Due to the length of traditional construction projects and their high cost, construction engineers and architects have designed a type of roof called Rofix that has been used due to its high safety and light weight. The roof of Rofix is made of molds called Rofix, which acts as a more concrete holder and does not play a structural role.

Roofy Roof
Rofix roof is a type of composite roof with a durable formwork and is a kind of concrete reinforced concrete slab. This roof consists of a kind of metal mesh plate in which longitudinal profiles are installed in parallel at certain distances. The grid has seven V-shaped studs and 7,000 grids per square meter.

With the use of Rufix mesh, it is possible to run and concret all floors at the same time and there is no need for piles and jacks. Roofix roofs are lighter than concrete roofs such as beams and blocks, and do not place additional load on the structure, in fact reducing the dead weight of the building by about 40% because the consumption of steel materials in the skeleton of this type of roof compared to other roofs It is less.

Rufix roof execution
Initially, rofix molds are installed on the side beams so that the direction of the profiles is perpendicular to the side beams. To facilitate the implementation of this type of roof, studs are used as cutters. At the location of the studs, the molds are drilled and the studs are passed through them so that the entire mold is in full contact with the upper wing of the side beams. Then the rebar network is installed on the Rofix without the need for a spacer and the cutters are welded on the beams. Cutters are installed on the side beams and transfer the horizontal force from the concrete cover of the roof to the steel beams. They prevent the concrete cover from separating from the beam. In the last stage, concreting operations are performed.

The advantages of using Rufix mesh metal molds include the following:

Storing Rufix molds does not require much space, and with just one truck, large amounts of molds can be transported and stored in a warehouse or building workshop.
When these molds are placed on the beams of the building, a kind of safe network is created that prevents people and objects from falling.
Rufix does not require expertise and can be performed by semi-skilled workers.
Loading, storing and using Rufix molds, unlike other concrete molds, does not cause any damage.
Rufix metal molds have a high formability, which makes it easy to mold and execute complex molds.
In the implementation of Roofix roof, less accessories are needed, including tools, welding machine, lift and 2 more than other roofs.
The speed of roof molding with Rofix molds is very high.
In most common roofing methods, the next roof can only be applied if the lower roof is retracted, but with Rofix, all roofs can be run simultaneously.
Blocked air inside the roof is considered as a kind of sound and heat insulation.
If the concrete is compacted and it is properly connected to the Rofix networks, the combination of Rofix and concrete plays an effective role in removing or reducing the reinforcement.
Installing Rofix nets on floors does not require lifting or carrying cranes.
The roof of the Rofix has a high level of safety against natural disasters such as earthquakes.

04/10/2020 By smart dg land news arch Rofix ceiling
Steps of the metal skeleton implementation process

The metal skeleton is the main body of today’s buildings. The buildings that are built with it have high strength and resistance to all kinds of pressures. The metal frame is made of steel, beams and columns that are connected vertically and horizontally. This skeleton speeds up the construction project and significantly reduces the weight of the building. The use of this structure makes it possible to fix the problem at any stage of construction without causing any damage. Also, its implementation reduces the size of the foundation and allows inspection and non-destructive testing at all stages of implementation.
Advantages of metal frame
If we want to point out the advantages of this structure, we can name the following:
This type of skeleton is a good option for building long structures.
The durability and strength of steel is very high and can be used and exploited for a long time.
It is easy to build and run a metal frame.
It weighs less than a concrete skeleton, so the weight of the building is reduced.
Metal has uniform properties because it is produced under close supervision. This material is homogeneous due to the materials used in its production.
Buildings built with this structure are very resistant to various factors such as explosion.
Formability is one of the prominent features of metal materials that have a high tolerance threshold against stress, impact and dynamic force.
The performance of metal parts is high and they are installed in less time than concrete parts.
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Steel skeleton implementation steps
After excavation and before the construction of the metal frame of the land, it should be evaluated in terms of compressive strength. To do this, engineers test the earth’s resistance by taking samples from different layers of the earth and sending it to a laboratory to test the weight of the building. Then, after determining the compressive strength of the soil, the foundation is calculated accordingly.
When excavation is done, the ground is leveled using a Nevo camera or hose. Then, the location of the foundation is determined and the area below it is leveled with cement mortar and stone. Of course, if the entire excavated ground is level and the surface is smoothed with cement mortar and stone, a uniform surface is provided for pouring the concrete. Concrete is a low-grade concrete that prepares the excavation site for reinforcement. Basically, this concrete separates the ground from the main foundation and creates a uniform surface under the foundation. After pouring the concrete, the reinforcement is done according to the calculation plans, then the molding is done by different types of metal, wooden and… molds. After molding, the bolt reinforcement will be placed at the designated location to connect the column plate to them.
After performing these steps, it is time for concreting. The concrete required for concreting is either prepared at the project site or prepared from the concrete plant. It is very important to check the compressive strength of concrete, so it is sent to a laboratory to test and determine the compressive strength.
There are a number of things to keep in mind when concreting:
Before pouring concrete in the desired location, the concrete mixer must be mixed with concrete several times and concreting should be done from close range. If the concrete is poured from a high distance, its granulation will be disrupted, so if the distance is high, metal studs should be used to pour the concrete to prevent problems.
Depending on the amount of reinforcement used and the type of work, vibration must be used to compress the concrete. Vibration operation must be performed to remove the air inside the concrete after pouring each layer.
After concreting, the concrete surface should be kept moist to prevent cracking and weakening of the concrete.
After the concrete has set, the molds should be opened and the column plate brokerage operation should begin.
Once the column plates are in the right place, it’s time to ventilate them. To do this, a number of loose concretes are poured under the plate, and sometimes a hole is made in the middle of the column plate and the concrete is poured into it. Then, by tightening the screws on the column plate, the extra air from the plate is removed. This is done in order to prevent the column plate from settling due to the pressure of the columns and the space under them is not empty.
In order to speed up the process of installing and restraining the column beams, a corner and a connecting sheet have already been welded on the column plate, which is welded by placing the column in the right place and ensuring that it is upright.

Steps to build a column
In the construction of the column, steps such as cutting the column and its profiles, assembling them, cutting the column sheets, assembling the sheets on the column and finally making the seat of the beams and assembling them on the column are done. In order to reduce the additional load on the upper floors of the building, low-grade beams are used and the thickness difference is done by connecting the column plate on the sides and welding it in order to reduce the size of the column. Then the columns will be lifted using a crane and placed in the right place. After the initial welding and the placement of the column, the other corners and plates are welded to the base of the column and its plate.
Install the beams
To increase the resistance of the beams, they are honeyed. For beekeeping of beams, cutting operations are performed using stencils and air gas. The detached pieces are then welded together and patched with a column plate. Then at the specified heights are placed angles to which the beams are welded.
Installing braces
The brace increases the building’s resistance to forces such as earthquakes, winds and winds, and according to calculations, a pair of studs, single and single pairs are used. After selecting the type of profile, the brace is installed from one end of the column to the other in left and right and is controlled by welding on both sides. The other side is done in the same way and finally becomes crosswise. They then restrain the intersection of the two crosses by one page.

04/10/2020 By smart dg land news arch metal skeleton
What is a Chromite Ceiling?

Roofs are parts of the building that are constructed in various ways with respect to structural strength using gonacon materials. Previous builders have introduced roof types, and now we are going to explain one of these types as chromite roof. This roof is similar to a conventional block joist, but the joists used are different. Join us for an introduction to this ceiling.
Chromite Ceiling
Chromite roof is a type of block joist that uses an open metal joist to make it. The roof is made of steel structures and is a new type of roof that is high strength and integrated. This roof has more advantages than other roofs, so it is used in various structures. Using chromite joists, multiple roofs can be concreted at the same time, making it economically cost-effective. Chromite joists are in a standing position and do not need to be lit under the roof. These joists are designed so that they can withstand the weight of the concrete and the molds, so after the concrete is cast, the steel joists are integrated with concrete and bear the loads that go into the roof. . In general, these joists have the ability to withstand the load before and after concrete and can withstand all the loads of living and dead.

The steel joists used to build the chromite ceiling must be inspected before they can be installed and confirmed to be flawless. If the joists are long, you should cut them and reinforce them after they are placed. For the construction of concrete structures, the underside of the joists must be mounted on a metal or wooden frame. When concrete is poured into steel joists, it penetrates into the spaces between the joists, thereby increasing the shear strength of the joists. Filling the joists with concrete will reduce the vibration of the roof. When concrete is used, concrete vibration operations must be carried out to penetrate the concrete into all parts of the joinery and fill in the voids.

The blocks used in chromite roofing are clay block, cement block and polystyrene block. The wall of the cement blocks selected for this ceiling should be 1.5 cm and their seating on the joist shall be 2.5 cm. Clay blocks should also have a 2.5 cm thick wall without cracking. If polystyrene blocks are used in the application of this type of roofing, the surface of the lower blocks should be covered with Robits and lined with plaster mortar of 1.5 cm thick. Polystyrene blocks are types of blocks made of polymer materials that are less weighty than other blocks and their use plays an important role in reducing costs and project execution time. Chinese block This ceiling is made after the molding of pop-ups and covers. Designer should have the necessary skills to arrange the blocks and trim them so that the spaces are as close as possible. Sloping blocks can also be used to slice or cut them to the desired size.

If the chromite roofs are well-executed, they will have unique advantages over other roofs, such as high cohesion, acceptable thickness, no need for false ceilings and high running speed. Other benefits of this type of roof are as follows:
Benefits of Chromite Ceiling
High execution speed and ease of operation
Execution of this roof is faster than that of joists. After the concreting step, the construction operation can continue and there will be no obstacle to light loading.
Deformation in order to achieve ultimate resistance
The chromite ceiling system achieves ultimate resistance after many deformations and breaks between the joists and the concrete. The behavior of this type of roof and its gradual release ensures its safety and strength.
Reduce concrete stress
Chromite joists are said to be standing upright so they can withstand the weight of wet concrete and the stress is very low.
Weight loss ceiling
Compared to conventional block joist roofs, the concrete consumption in the chromite roof is lower, thus making the roof structure lighter in weight.
No need for candles
Chromitic joinery itself can withstand the weight of wet concrete, block and other performance factors before and after concrete sealing. Because of this high strength and durability, there is no need for candlesticks in any of the operations.

Integration of skeleton and roof
Chromite joists are welded to the skeleton and once the concrete is taken over, the roof and skeleton will be tightened.
Supervision of project implementation
Design and implementation of chromite ceilings is carried out with the supervision and guidance of expert personnel to ensure work safety and avoid any defects.
Run multiple ceilings simultaneously
Applying chromite roofing to buildings with a high or low floor number will save money. Due to the need for candles, concrete can be applied to several roofs simultaneously.
Execution of roof with special openings and cargo
In this type of roof system it is possible to run a roof with heavy loads and high openings. Using a chromed roof, the roof span can be up to 1.5 meters with a load-carrying capacity of 3 tons.

03/30/2020 By smart dg land news arch ceiling
Steel deck ceiling, galvanized sheets

One of the important factors in the construction industry is the elimination of traditional methods and speeding up the implementation of construction projects. One of the elements that accelerates construction is the roof. The use of new roofing techniques will shorten project completion time. Today, most engineers and builders tend to use new methods of construction. Steel deck ceiling is one of the lightest roofs in the construction of structures that is widely used today.

Deck ceiling or metal deck
The steel deck or metal deck ceiling is operated by trapezoidal galvanized sheets. This type of roof requires no molding and the steel sheets that rely on the beams play the role of mold. Ceiling molding is basically one of the problems with ceiling execution that delays the process of ceiling execution. Using a steel deck ceiling solves this problem and shortens the ceiling’s running time. Compared to block joist roofs, this type of roof has a lighter weight and is faster to execute.

The steel deck roof consists of the following components:

Galvanized sheets
Galvanized sheets are trapezoidal in shape, with thicknesses of 0.5 to 2.5 mm. These sheets are trapezoidally shaped in a variety of designs by the cold rolling method. Rigging these steel sheets is essential because these tiles create the necessary bonding between concrete and steel sheets.

Flushing
Flushings are made of galvanized sheet with a thickness of 2.5 mm. The flushing is mounted on the edge of the steel deck or metal deck and acts as a mold before the concrete is tightened and afterwards it tightens the concrete and makes the roof more beautiful after concrete.

stud
Studs play the role of cutters and are the interface between the galvanized sheet and the concrete. They are attached to structural beams by arc welding.

Reinforcement
At the steel deck roof, a rebar grid is used to prevent concrete cracking. Rebar mesh is often used instead of reinforcement to increase the speed of roof execution.

Concrete
After connecting the bars, the concrete work begins and the final leveling operation begins.

Advantages of steel deck ceiling
The use of steel deck roofs has a great impact on the style of the structure.
The weight of this type of roof is very light and it is easy to carry and store galvanized sheets.
Running a steel deck roof is inexpensive and affordable.
When executing this type of molding ceiling, side beams and tensile bars are removed and no need to use them.
Metal deck ceilings are a good replacement for traditional block joists.
This type of roof can be roofed and concreted in all floors at the same time, which shortens the time of construction project execution and reduces its cost.

03/29/2020 By smart dg land news arch ceiling
Lightweight concrete slabs with Ubot roof system

Today, the use of high quality building materials is particularly important in construction. Due to natural disasters, construction engineers are always looking to use materials that protect the building against earthquakes and other disasters, materials that do not put extra burden on the building and reduce the damage caused by the lightweight construction. Today, different roof systems are used to lighten the structure, including the Ubut roof system.
U-Boot Ceiling System
The U-Boot System is a type of recycled polypropylene polymer structure that is used as a hollow slab for construction. This type of system is used to lighten concrete slabs and slabs in the building.
Ubot molds cause cavities in the concrete and remove inefficient concrete. These molds do not have a structural role and their main purpose is to use them in concrete slabs to remove excess concrete and create hollow holes in the slabs. The Ubot Ceiling System is a hollow or hollow concrete slab system designed in the form of two-way cube molds. In this system, bulking is done by placing the Ubot templates between the slabs. By placing these molds into the concrete slab, the strength and hardness of the slab are increased and the possibility of covering larger openings due to slab thickness and hardness is provided.
Ubot components have cubic geometrical dimensions that are used according to design calculations and project requirements. In the process of executing hollow slabs after the bottom layer reinforcement, the Ubots are placed together on the bottom reinforcement network, and after the middle shear reinforcement and upper layer reinforcement are laid, concrete operations are carried out. At the end of the slab, I-shaped, which enhances its performance. Ubot templates are doubly applicable for taller openings.

The Benefits of Using a Ubot Roof in a Building
One of the benefits of using Ubot molds is saving on raw materials such as steel and concrete in construction. When Ubot templates dip into concrete, an integrated grid is created at the top and bottom of the project, which saves materials.
Ubot structures are lightweight and very easy to install. For this reason, Ubot and concrete blends are used to create high weight bearing surfaces without the need for multiple columns. Thus, the Ubot roof system reduces the number of columns in the building and contributes to the flexibility of the structure.
Using this roof system can increase the number of floors in a building.
The Ubot ceiling is anti-flammable and acts as a thermal insulator that prevents the transfer of fire and damage to buildings.
In addition to thermal insulation, these ceilings are also a type of acoustic insulation, which transmit less sound.
The Ubot roof reduces the weight of the structure, so no deep foundation is needed. Costs are also reduced by reducing the depth of foundation.
The use of Ubot roofs reduces the load on columns and foundations of the building, thereby increasing the earthquake resistance and reducing the effects of earthquake force.
This roof system saves on concrete and steel consumption compared to traditional heavy slabs, allowing for wider openings in the structure. In addition, the use of these types of ceilings significantly reduces water consumption.
Due to the high speed of implementation of the Ubot system, the construction time is shorter.
This type of roof is applicable to foundations and floors of various types of buildings including office, commercial, residential, industrial, public and…

03/29/2020 By smart dg land news arch Lightweight concrete

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Waffle roof in the building

Rofix ceiling mold

The advantages of using Rufix mesh metal molds include the following:

Steps of the metal skeleton implementation process

What is a Chromite Ceiling?

Steel deck ceiling, galvanized sheets

The steel deck roof consists of the following components:

Flushing
Flushings are made of galvanized sheet with a thickness of 2.5 mm. The flushing is mounted on the edge of the steel deck or metal deck and acts as a mold before the concrete is tightened and afterwards it tightens the concrete and makes the roof more beautiful after concrete.

stud
Studs play the role of cutters and are the interface between the galvanized sheet and the concrete. They are attached to structural beams by arc welding.

Reinforcement
At the steel deck roof, a rebar grid is used to prevent concrete cracking. Rebar mesh is often used instead of reinforcement to increase the speed of roof execution.

Concrete
After connecting the bars, the concrete work begins and the final leveling operation begins.

Lightweight concrete slabs with Ubot roof system

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Waffle roof in the building

Rofix ceiling mold

The advantages of using Rufix mesh metal molds include the following:

Steps of the metal skeleton implementation process

What is a Chromite Ceiling?

Steel deck ceiling, galvanized sheets

The steel deck roof consists of the following components:

Flushing Flushings are made of galvanized sheet with a thickness of 2.5 mm. The flushing is mounted on the edge of the steel deck or metal deck and acts as a mold before the concrete is tightened and afterwards it tightens the concrete and makes the roof more beautiful after concrete.

stud Studs play the role of cutters and are the interface between the galvanized sheet and the concrete. They are attached to structural beams by arc welding.

Reinforcement At the steel deck roof, a rebar grid is used to prevent concrete cracking. Rebar mesh is often used instead of reinforcement to increase the speed of roof execution.

Concrete After connecting the bars, the concrete work begins and the final leveling operation begins.

Lightweight concrete slabs with Ubot roof system

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Flushing
Flushings are made of galvanized sheet with a thickness of 2.5 mm. The flushing is mounted on the edge of the steel deck or metal deck and acts as a mold before the concrete is tightened and afterwards it tightens the concrete and makes the roof more beautiful after concrete.

stud
Studs play the role of cutters and are the interface between the galvanized sheet and the concrete. They are attached to structural beams by arc welding.

Reinforcement
At the steel deck roof, a rebar grid is used to prevent concrete cracking. Rebar mesh is often used instead of reinforcement to increase the speed of roof execution.

Concrete
After connecting the bars, the concrete work begins and the final leveling operation begins.